Canker Sores From Sweets

bread and circuses.

Ho sempre voluto limitare gli argomenti del blog alla corsa o a qualche raro post dedicato a persona speciali, e sarebbe stato sicuramente meglio iniziare il 2011 con un bel resoconto di una gara o di un allenamento particolarmente riuscito, But this Monday I understand their indigestible.

A few days before the referendum which ratified the de facto return to a climate of industrial revolution, all the players in good and evil have come back into oblivion, to any of them will certainly comfortable, the majority a little less . This timely

itchy outbreak of yet another scandal reminds me of the classic trick from thieves by half a point, one steals a candy making pursuit by the seller and in the meantime the accomplice empties the cash! Now far be it from me to equate the known facts of a theft of candy, but my feeling is that you try to transform the shopkeeper in office, and the sad thing is that we are succeeding alla grande. Un'opera iniziata non certo l'altro ieri: il referendum ed i relativi accordi li ritengo a questo punto solo una formalità burocratica giunta al culmine di anni ed anni spesi a creare generazioni senza memoria, senza cultura, senza curiosità nè per il passato nè per il futuro, più interessati all'apparire e all'avere piuttosto che all'essere. Chi dissente, e per fortuna non sono pochi, si cerca di relegarlo ai margini, la cultura non è più vista come un bene prezioso, come mezzo di riscatto sociale: non la si può acquistare, questo basta per giudicarla inutile e senza cultura, senza curiosità, non può esistere senso critico, si è destinati a cadere nei tranelli dell'arte oratoria del charlatan on duty.

said Susanna Camusso well yesterday interviewed by Lucia Annunziata, I do not remember the exact words but the meaning was this: "in recent years have made us believe that we all worked in finance or in any of the luxuries, that manual labor , because of fatigue and discomfort had disappeared, but it is not " In fact, he simply stopped talking about it, making him non-existent, except for a few brief appearance when some members of the class inappropriately decide to join the list of" white deaths ".

But responsibility for this is partly due to years of neglect of the representatives of both trade unions to change taking place both in society and the world of work itself, years of living as the title,-style "bread and circuses" in a reality in my opinion, masterfully described in Massimo Giannini yet despite everything, the light I do not see the outcome of the referendum great concern even among the vast majority of my colleagues, almost did not affect them, are all much more interested in fantasizing about erotic exploits the heartthrob of the moment, then saw that as we are told, there is the crisis, I would also remove the first element of the title directly to the benefit of the second ... Juvenal in his time was too generous.

Sorry if I bored!

Veho Filmscanner Driver

The ACADEMIC ENTREPRENEUR

Oggi ospitiamo con grande piacere le riflessioni di Riccardo Fini in tema di Imprenditorialità Accademica, un’area di ricerca in grande fermento e di assoluto interesse per chi si occupa di Imprenditorialità e Innovazione. Riccardo è ricercatore presso l’Imperial College e si occupa da alcuni anni di questo affascinante fenomeno. A seguire ha sintetizzato per noi i risultati di un suo study recently published and which was also discussed in the prestigious journal Nature . So, Richard, to you the word!

Creating Enterprise in academic

Over the past ten years, in all industrialized countries, the universities have been under massive pressure from 'Public opinion and the politicians themselves about the need to maintain high levels of productivity in the face of greater rationalization of input factors. In addition, following the recent global financial crisis, as evidenced by recent events in the UK, universities have had to manage a large reduction in public funding for research and at the same time, following pressure from the political world, to emphasize the applied research activities in an attempt to increase the cash receipts arising from the commercialization of university research (OECD, 2009).

As a result, university administrators and politicians themselves have invested a considerable amount of resources to enact and support technology transfer activities (Knowledge Transfer Activities - KTA) on the part of academics. For example, the United States, two of the most important laws of KTA, the Bayle-Dole Act and the Stevenson-Wydler Act, were enacted in the early '80s, and have made possible and guaranteed to universities and government laboratories can to patent their research results, taking possession of any royalties arising from the commercialization of technology. Other nations have invested in similar reforms, such as the reform of the university system in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands in the 90s, the so-called Loi Allegre introduced in 1999 in France, and the introduction of specific laws by the Swedish government to ' early 80s. More recently, in Italy, has witnessed the creation of a new institutional system (following the introduction of Law 297 in 1999), which allowed the transfer of certain executive powers from central government to individual universities, emphasizing the business practices within of each institution.

The KTA can arise as a result of two processes markedly different. Some of them refer to those areas where progress in scientific knowledge is mainly due to the introduction of new practices and methodologies that arise sudden changes and discontinuities technological scenarios in the reference. This occurs in those technology areas such as pharmaceuticals and biotechnology that are characterized by high appropriability regimes, where there is the possibility of protecting technological innovation through the use of intellectual property. The commercialization of university research results is, in this case, through the practice of patenting, the granting of technology licenses and through the creation of new enterprises based on patented technology (IP-based KTA). In other cases, however, the KTA are primarily originated through the recombination of existing knowledge, seeking solutions to problems through the use of previous discoveries, rather than new technological paradigms. This occurs mainly in the natural and social sciences, through consultancy and collaboration between universities and business (not IP-based KTA).

Despite the documented heterogeneity, most studies focused on KTA-based technology protected by intellectual property rights. Therefore, to date, there are still many gaps on the state of the art knowledge. First, we do not know the extent of the phenomenon, not knowing what percentage of the KTA occur inside and outside the system of intellectual property. We have no further information about the differential impact and effectiveness of university support mechanisms on the activation of both types of KTA. Because of the paucity of such data, in many cases it was verified that the university administrators and policy-oriented mechanisms have emphasized the protection of university intellectual property, considering the university as a true private enterprise, rather than support and allow for greater sharing of knowledge between universities and the market. In an effort to protect and exploit the knowledge developed in universities, such practices have originated, Paradoxically, a reduction of collaborations between companies and universities, as documented in the literature.

In the article entitled "Inside or Outside the IP-System. Business Creation in Academia "appeared in Research Policy in 2010, we sought to contribute to this debate by showing how the United States, spin-offs that come down the commercialization of technology protected by intellectual property rights are based on a kind of knowledge restricted to a few areas of science (as compared with those that arise outside the IP system). The study, conducted in 2007, and 'based on a sample of 11,572 individuals, representative of the entire population of the U.S. academic (58 646) . The results show that study participants have founded 1,948 companies, of which 682 are based on technology patented and the remaining 1,266 no. This trend once again testifies to the fact that if the attention and support to the practice of transfer of academic knowledge is focused on the only domains in which scientific knowledge is actually patentable, an entire part KTA of them could be severely damaged.

Further reading

Baldini, N., Grimaldi, R., e Sobrero, M., 2006. Institutional changes and the commercialization of academic knowledge: A study of Italian universities’ patenting activities between 1965 and 2002. Research Policy, 35, 518–532.

Fini R., Grimaldi R., e Sobrero M., 2009. Factors Fostering Academics to Start up New Ventures: an Assessment of Italian Founders' Incentives, Journal of Technology Transfer, 34, 380-402.

OECD, 2009. OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2009, OECD Publishing.

Rothaermel, F., Agung, D., and Jiang, L., 2007. University entrepreneurship: a taxonomy of the literature. Industrial and Corporate Change 16, 691-791.

Shane, S., (Ed.) 2004. Academic entrepreneurship: University spin-offs and wealth creation. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Milena Velba 2009 Colection

Creativity and Collaboration (Part I)

in recent years in my research I have dealt with some continuità di creatività, un tema ovviamente centrale nel dibattito sull’imprenditorialità. L’ho fatto cercando di sfatare la dominante visione solipsistica che alimenta il mito del creativo geniale e solitario. Ovviamente è più facile identificarsi in questo ideale di eroe romantico che esalta qualità straordinarie di inventori, artisti e imprenditori (che entrano immediatamente nell’immaginario collettivo). L’evidenza scientifica tuttavia sempre più spesso offre una visione che si discosta, talora diametralmente, da questo ideale.

Randall Collins, uno dei massimi sociologi americani viventi, ha condotto uno studio enciclopedico su questo tema ricostruendo the careers of some of the most important scientists, artists and philosophers in the Western and Eastern civilizations. These include Beethoven, Darwin, Freud, Hume, Einstein and many others.

Collins meticulously shows how almost all of these individuals are united by belonging to rich social networks that included other scientists, thinkers and artists with whom exchanged ideas and knowledge through processes of competition and collaboration. Recent evidence shows that appeared in Science in the social sciences then as much as in the natural cooperation is increasingly important processes at the base of scientific productivity. Wuchty, Jones & Uzzi (2007) for example, have shown that in almost all domains in the average size of disciplinary research team over the past 45 years has approximately doubled (see figure below).

The growing importance of teams in the production of knowledge

Not only that, the papers that are the result of collaborations on average receive more attention and citations than the individual. E 'are more likely a breakthrough, that is a job to exceptionally high impact, is the result of a collaboration that not a single author. In another study recent Lee Fleming, a research and innovation management at Harvard University, has reconstructed a map of collaboration that underlies the innovation produced by Silicon Valley (I've repeated below) coming to similar considerations.

The network of collaboration between the inventors of Silicon Valley

Fleming, Lee, and Adam Juda. "A Network of Invention", Harvard Business Review 82, no. 4

Even in subject areas by their nature easily associated to the solipsistic view of the creative genius, such such as painting, music or poetry or collaborative social component is often much more central than they imagined. I recommend the excellent book on the subject of historian Michael Farrell Collaborative Circles: Friendship Dynamics and Creative Work , which offers a rich series of collaborative creativity that are among the other writers such as Lewis, Tolkien, the Fugitives group of poets and leading figures of French Impressionism.

So why the social dimension so important? Essentially for two reasons. First, because the creative work invariably involves the recombination of material, ideas and background, access to which is, at least in part, regulated by social networks in which individuals are embedded. Second, because the fruits of any creative effort, as radical and innovative can not succeed without a receptive community that would justify the pioneering efforts by facilitating access to resources (symbolic and / or materials) needed to create. And 'why it is difficult to understand the source of innovations and ideas regardless of social context, the structure of partnerships and networks in which these ideas emerge and assert themselves. Personally, I applied and tested these ideas in the context of Hollywood cinema. In Part II of this post will try to explain how I did it and with what results. See you soon!

Religious Quotes For Facebook Status

End of episode No. 2010

The curtain falls on this 2010, a thousand thoughts that were still suspended due to pass through the keypad to then get to you, but it was not always possible to complete work and other situations that demanded attention and presence . So once again remain confined in the limbo of memories some of the best races and other nice moments related to this discipline that we honor all the best.

Budgets? Impossible not make: Running has been a tremendous year, accompanied by health and luck that allowed me to reach the goal I set myself , this led me to accept serenely the result of Reggio Emilia and then cancellation of Pisa.

who follows me knows that I am a great lover of numbers, as representative, these people prefer to feel emotions and then approffitta of this post to thank all those who in any way in this long years have helped me to improve in the race and why not, as a person, you know who you are, no need to name names,

with a. ..

ABOUT beat me regularly in all the races .... but gave me valuable advice that I have improved a lot , WHO has bet on me and on my already happened earlier in the season and even if there has ever believed; ABOUT ran beside me in the legs while having very different rhythms , WHO has taken the first steps by taking a cue from my adventure, those who invited me to run in his team; WHO has shared the joy of competition regardless of the mutual positions and one who has struggled with me, meter by meter, and sometimes every inch of cardboard for a medal in the provincial championship; WHO has demonstrated the ability to read beyond the blog ; ABOUT joy with his arrival has made the timing an anonymous piece of street furniture; WHO with a pat and a "ajo" on the curves at Villanova pulled me up to take the podium and one who has defamed my results at the bar, his gym routine; CHI ha percorso centinaia di chilometri per il solo piacere di correre insieme o anche solo per un saluto ; CHI non si riconoscerà in nessuno di questi, ma io ringrazio solo per il fatto di essere arrivato sin qui;

BUON 2011!