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La guerra di gennaio 2011


Isola di Lamu, Kenya. Il proprietario dell’albergo di Shela non è preoccupato per la costruzione the new port. A little ', I believe, not to create the idea that Lamu is "over" from one point of view, the eco-tourism, a little' because he thinks the time is extended as often happens in Africa. Lamu will be built right here at one of the largest ports in Africa. The agreement was signed by President Mwai Kibaki of Kenya and the Chinese premier Hu Jintao. The project is in execution phase and Manda Bay surveyors and bulldozers are already at work. Because they want to build this port in an archipelago rich in history and a pristine sea water? The only way to make a jump of nearly a thousand miles and turn our attention to Juba, South Sudan. There and in South Sudan January 9, 2011 there will be a referendum on the independence of the South from the rest of the country. After 50 years of occupation and persecution by the government in Khartoum is easy to assume that the entire population (excluding the 10% of Muslims) votes for independence. The South Sudan will certainly support the UN with a few exceptions (the current peace process in Sudan is monitored by the UN). There will be big celebrations and the guerrillas of the Sudan People's Liberation Front will shoot in the air for the victory gained after decades of war. Even the large Christian community in South Sudan (25% of the population) will pull a sigh of relief after years of massacres, attacks and persecution. In the mainly animist and Christian South will return to the freedom of worship. The independence will mark the end of the attempt to forced Islamization of the territory. The war waged by the fundamentalist Islamic regime in Khartoum against the people of the South was an attempt at genocide of 2.5 million dead and a million displaced people and refugees. The new state will be recognized by the nations of the world, primarily from the West. The new state will be much courted because South Sudan is responsible for almost all Sudanese oil and is rich in mineral deposits and precious. All right, then? Apparently with the independence and peace will come even greater prosperity. In Juba, capital of South Sudan, capital will come from all over the world. The proceeds of oil and other mineral extraction activities will enrich the coffers of the nascent state and create opportunities for investment and profit. To reach Juba businessmen, entrepreneurs, brokers, and helpers, for the new diplomatic representations. But the odds are that Juba is filled also with spies, agents, envoys and military attaches who have no intention of supporting the independence of the new country. There is a significant detail: oil for export to South Sudan passes through the center and ends at Port Sudan. If there is independence South is hard to think that the rest of the country allow the passage through its territory without batting an eyelid. It will not be easy to find an agreement and this is not what you can expect from the government of President Omar Al Bashir Khartoum. General Bashir took power in his country in 1989 with a coup, closed all the newspapers and political parties taking total control of every legislative and executive power. Ally of the National Islamic Front Sharia puts in place in 1991 and has since conducted a policy of extermination against the Christians of the South July 14, 2008 was indicted by the International Criminal Court for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity committed especially against the defenseless people of Darfur. On March 4, 2009 was issued a warrant for her arrest, but the Arab League, many African countries and China have criticized the decision making in practice non-executive director. Last August, in fact, Bashir was present in Nairobi at the official ceremony for the new Kenyan constitution, but the authorities have given orders to arrest him. Bashir is a man afraid because we know his ability to organize guerrilla movements in every African country. It is said that the Ethiopian Prime Minister Melles Zennawi has said "should be arrested, but ask anyone who has the day after the border war." E 'logical thinking, then, that the future Government of South Sudan should organize itself to refine and market oil and gas building up an alternative line to Port Sudan. The project of a railway hub on the road with oil pipe line is a reality. Involve South Sudan, Uganda, Kenya and Ethiopia. Among the other from Port Sudan in Juba are 800 kilometers away from Juba to Lamu are only 725 km. There is already the full support of the Americans and Chinese. The company has major contracts to build in expectations is the German ThyseenKrupp Gleistechicnik TFG and the American Ayr Logistics will manage the funds. The construction will involve the economies of the four countries concerned. Ethiopia is planning to build a road axis and transport related oil in Lamu because Djibouti is close to paralysis and the outlets to the sea in Somalia and Eritrea are useless or inappropriate (Assab Ethiopia is unusable after the war of 2000 and the ports are under the control of the Somali Islamic Courts or pirates). The port of Lamu Kenya is not just an option, but a clear example of the global economy. After January 9, 2011 the project will become official and, from a political point of view as well as economic, will find some sponsors in World Bank, in the Obama administration, in Europe and the Western world, India and China. Axis Juba-Nairobi-Addis Ababa is any opposition to the axis Asmara-Khartoum-Al Quaeda Somalia. E’ facile pensare che, oltre a Khartoum, anche Al-Quaeda tenterà di contrastare lo sbocco al mare del nuovo stato animista e cristiano e lo sviluppo di paesi alleati con l’Occidente come il Kenya e l’Etiopia. L’attuale è un periodo di studio e conteggio delle forze in campo: il referendum di gennaio farà scoppiare le contraddizioni e la situazione nel corso del 2011 sarà difficile, se non impossibile, da controllare. Il conflitto non avrà un carattere locale, ma per la posta in gioco, la vicinanza geografica ai conflitti asiatici e i collegamenti politici e religiosi sarà di rilievo internazionale. Per l’Italia, come per le altre nazioni occidentali, sarà impossibile non schierarsi. Essere amici di tutti, come spesso fanno i governi italiani in politica estera, significa non essere veramente amici di nessuno. Dare soldi a pioggia nel Corno d’Africa, attraverso la nostra Cooperazione allo sviluppo, specie in tempi di crisi, non è conveniente né per il contribuente italiano, né per le popolazioni africane che dovrebbero essere beneficiate. Spesso i popoli vengono depredati da dittatori spietati che usano gli aiuti internazionali per rafforzare il proprio potere personale.


Lo sviluppo sostenibile

L’opera faraonica strada/ferrovia/oil pipe line da Juba a Lamu fa venire in mente il tema dello sviluppo sostenibile in Africa. A parte i tratti di ferrovia in Uganda che potranno easily be connected to the project (from Gulu and Tororo in Uganda in Eldoret, Kenya), the rest is to be built. The track is already done and is in the natural conformation of the territory, you can not cross the Lake Turkana, will be around Mount Kenya to go down along the route of the River Tana. The Ethiopians, however, unable to cross the valley of the Omo River and Moyale reinforce the point of the road that goes up to Mega Awasa. It 'obvious that the works of such size and lend importance to considerations on the theme of sustainable development. E 'reasonable to assume that the economy of the four macro-regions (Southern Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia) can benefit and pulse development. It 'also logical to think that a work like this could change and partly destroying delicate natural ecosystems that are unique in the world. It 's easy to imagine that the construction will involve the local population, many will find jobs, but many lose and pasture lands, waters and land. There will be blocks and forced deportations. It makes me think of the Borana of Ethiopia, the Pokot of Kenya, the Nuer and Dinka of Sudan, just to name a few. Their lives will probably be sacrificed to the demands of global development, the profit of big corporations Chinese, Indian, American, German. The other day I signed a petition calling on the Government of Tanzania not to build highway within the Serengeti National Park. Certainly the Juba-Lamu road provoke reactions and revolts by local people and environmental groups. A rise Lamu East Africa's largest port for container shipping and oil platforms will be constructed for docking tankers and transfer of oil and gas from South Sudan. Modern 4-lane highway will connect the South Sudan, Uganda, Ethiopia and Kenya allowing the trade of oil and the supply of fuel involved in macro-and export worldwide. The trade between the regions will enjoy a big boost: FRUIT Oromo lands, Ugandan banana plantations, cattle plateau, coffee, marble, granite, timber, building materials from China and India, chemical derivatives of hydrocarbons will go to support the development of remote areas has always been closed to development. On the other hand, the beautiful beaches lapped by crystal clear emerald sea at Lamu and Manda will disappear or will be covered in other colors. The dhows, fishing boats in the local style with wooden carved prows ensure that fishing and the transportation of passengers from island to island in the archipelago, will become a faded memory in the photos taken by tourists today. The fauna and flora of the sea will be destroyed by discharges tar, and fuel.

Discount for many Europeans say no to a certain type of development, but equally easy to forget that oil for cars that turn on every day is in large part from Africa such as minerals that serve our laptops and cell phones. It 's easy to forget that we Europeans have also destroyed our continent cutting the immense forest that covered many centuries ago, the whole of Europe and was first sacrificed to pasture and agriculture, and then to urbanization. Easy for us to say to Africans or Brazilians: "Save the forests", but claiming that the poor nations is economic development and welfare that we have already largely achieved but at the cost of immense anthropological and environmental devastation.

Population pressure and the ruthless power of global capitalism are opening a new page, fascinating and sad, dramatic history of Africa.

I think clearly and disenchanted realism, but also with a vein of nostalgia for Africa that no longer exists or that is disappearing. I think as a kayak, ably led by Abdul, leads us to sail from island to island of the archipelago of Lamu. What do you think, ask him the draft of the new port? "We spoil the" use these words, "our resources, of life itself. All the fishermen, "he says," are against, we're okay with tourists and fishing, the new port for oil we do not need, we will oppose, Allah is great ".
Reserved Reproduction Paul Giunta La Spada